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The LangaList
Standard Edition

2006-03-27

A Free Email Newsletter from Fred Langa
That Helps You Get More From Your Hardware, 
Software, and Time Online

Please visit our sponsors and help keep the LangaList S.E. free!

Contents:

1) A Complete Terabyte System For $500
2) Drive-Moving Question
3) "98SE2ME"
4) XP Home to Pro?
5) New, Highly-Automated Slipstreamer
6) Last Days To Enter March's FREE Drawing
7) Misc: Free Windows Stuff, Vista Delay...
8) Another Code Load Success Story
9) DVD Life?
10) How To Tell USB 1 from 2
11) "Restrictions In Effect ..."
12) FAST = USMT
13) Failed Uninstall; Now What?
14) Private Offer
15) Just For Grins

Next Issue:
2006-03-30

 

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1) A Complete Terabyte System For $500

A short while ago, I received a challenge from a reader who didn't believe me when I said in print that it was possible to put together a brand-new terabyte (1,000 Gbytes) file server for around $500. Well, you can, and I did: The example system I put together now resides on the far side of my office, offering up a thousand gigabytes--- that's a *lot* of disk space--- as network storage on my office LAN.

The heart of my terabyte server is a modest array of high-capacity drives. In assembling that system, I realized that because large single hard drives are more or less standard in many new PCs, most users have never had to deal with the details of drive installation, initialization, and configuration, either for adding multiple drives to a system or for swapping drives. Both these processes raise questions as to the safest and best ways to set things up, as well as to avoid data loss, especially if you're moving a current PC's setup and files to a new drive.

So we presented some preparatory information in "The Windows Disk Management Tool" http://www.informationweek.com/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=180207718  . There, we looked at a little-known tool built into Windows for creating, formatting, or deleting partitions and drives; changing drive letter assignments and paths; and so on. Knowledge of that tool can enormously simplify your hard-drive management tasks.

Next, in "How To Safely Add Or Replace A Hard Drive" http://www.informationweek.com/showArticle.jhtml;?articleID=181502411 , we looked at a slightly nonstandard way of physically adding a drive to a system--- a way I find much easier than the methods recommended by some drive manufacturers.

The information in both the above articles stands on its own, but also serves as the foundation for this article, in which we'll look at that from-scratch, $500 terabyte server, including where I got the parts, and for exactly how much.

It's all posted now, complete with abundant how-to photos and screen shots, live at
http://www.informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=183702383 .

As you'll see, with just a little effort, it's entirely possible to get a full terabyte of storage in a brand-new PC for around $500, total. I did it; and so can you! Click on over!

http://www.informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=183702383
 

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and keep up the great job!"---Ken Larson

Thanks, Ken! The LangaList Plus! Edition costs only around $1/month, and
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2) Drive-Moving Question

Although the item above (a 1,000GB system for $500) is the culmination of a three-part series, the first two parts--- disk management and adding new hard drives to a system--- drew lots of comments, and are still doing so:
Dear Fred: From http://www.informationweek.com/LP/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=181502411&pgno=5 you said:
"Still running the operating system on the old drive, I enter the Device Manager and uninstall the current entries under "Disk Drives." This in effect makes Windows "forget" what drives it's currently using. I then reboot to my disk imaging tool and create an image of the "no disks configured" version of Windows residing on the old drive."

The meaning here isn't totally transparent (to me, anyway, Fred!).

'Reboot to my disk imaging tool.' Do you mean reboot the computer from another drive that autostarts Norton Ghost, or similar, so that the HD OS is not actually running the machine?

Sorry if I'm being thick.... Peter Gadsby

No, you're not being thick, Peter. In trying to avoid too much repetition, I didn't go into full detail there. Instead, a little further up that same page, I said:

"There are several ways to move the operating system to a new drive. But because I'm a fan of drive imaging, my preferred method for setting up the operating system on a new drive is this..."

The referenced article on drive imaging explains it all: http://langa.com/backups/backups.htm

But in short: Yes, you boot to a software tool that runs from floppy, CD or USB--- something other than the drive you're trying to image/back up. Using this type of self-contained tool, that runs without requiring that the main OS be active, gives you far more flexibility and certainty than those tools that run *inside* the main OS.

Again, the complete article at http://langa.com/backups/backups.htm explains it--- and several alternatives and options--- in great detail.

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3) "98SE2ME"

Hi Fred,  First, thank you for all that you have taught me.  I built my first computer in 1999 almost before I had used one (my wife taught me how to use her laptop and I ordered all the parts online for the computer).  I came across your site sometime that first year( I think) and most of what I know about computing I learned from reading your newsletter and the subsequent paths it took me down. I am running Windows 98se and am getting ready to reinstall the operating system.  I was recently reading AXEL216/MDGx's site and was intrigued with his mod/hybrid 98SE2ME OS.  I don't think you ever discussed this in your column (I could be wrong) and was wondering what you thought of it?  I have run Win 98/SE, Win 2000 and WinXP home/Pro but even with all its problems I like Win98se and combining it with the good parts of Win ME makes it faster and more stabile.  There seems to be a cult of people who love Win98 and are sticking with it and there are a ton of programs written for it  Hopefully you feel there are enough of your readers who use 98/ME that you might want to discuss it in your newsletter.  Again Thanks, Bill Ritchie

Thanks Bill--- interesting question. (And BTW, AXEL216/MDGx's site is at http://www.mdgx.com/ , and 98SE2ME itself is at http://www.mdgx.com/98-5.htm#KRM9S )

Win98 was a truly great OS in its day--- I used it and loved it for years! But it and WinME (which is really just a refreshed version of Win98) have really been outpaced by hardware. For example, all Win9x-class OSes have trouble with large hard drives, large amounts of RAM, and with newer devices that may not even ship with 98-class drivers any more.

Creating a Frankendows mix of ME and 98 parts may work, but I put it in the same category as overclocking a CPU: It's a fun hobby, and it may work, but it's not something you want to try on a machine you need to count on. As Axel216 even clearly states on his page (and the capitalizations are his): "WARNING: By replacing Microsoft copyrighted files you will BREAK the EULA, VOID your software warranty and FORFEIT your right to benefit from tech support (if any)! DO THIS AT YOUR OWN RISK!"

And even if it does work, you still have an OS that's mostly obsolete, and not getting any younger, so what's the long-term benefit?

With official support for these OSes withering away, trying to keep those OSes alive will be like maintaining an antique car: You can do it, but it's going to take more and more time and effort. And when you're done, the vehicle still won't be one designed for today's roads or traffic.... In short, the Win9x OSes are approaching "hobbyist" status rather than "daily driver" status. And that's perfectly OK, if that's what you want.

So, sure; As a hobbyist experiment, fine; have at it. But if what you're trying to do is eke more life from aging hardware, I'd suggest you look at one of the smaller Linuxes. They're happy in lower-powered, smaller, older systems, and yet are technologically up to date. And, not trivially, they're free. I think this really is one of the areas where Linux shines without peer--- in enabling the continued use of older, slower hardware.

I've been having excellent results from "Puppy Linux" of late (even though I cringe every time I type the name) Its site at http://www.puppylinux.com/ describes it as "blindingly fast, incredibly powerful, amazingly tiny..." and I have to agree. It's also a cinch to get running, and has excellent hardware-detection routines. It's an awesome little distribution.

So, if your goal is hobbyist fun, then by all means, hack away at your copy of Win98. But If your goal is to keep older hardware useful in today's world, then something like Puppy Linux is probably a better option.

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4) XP Home to Pro?

Fred: I have XP Home installed, SP2 and updated, but I want to update/change to XP Pro.  The disk I have for installation, of course has not had SP2 installed/updated.  When I try to install XP Pro, it tells me my current version installed on the machine is a more up to date version than what I am trying to install.
 
Question, how to install XP Pro when the current version of XP Home already installed has been updated? Without taking everything off of the C: Drive. Thanks, Rea Plowman

Your note actually requires two separate answers, Rea. You have a couple different options for installing Pro: The one I prefer--- because it gives a "cleaner" install, and is less likely to retain anything bad or munged from the original install--- is to install it as a dual boot, alongside Home. When Pro is running, you can use its Files and Settings Transfer ("FAST") Wizard to move your data and user settings (you'll have to boot back into Home once or twice to use the FAST Wizard there to gather the necessary files and copy them to a location where Pro can get at 'em. When you've moved all you can from Home to pro, you can then delete the copy of Home, and revert back to single booting. See:
http://www.google.com/search?q=dual+boot+xp+home+pro
http://www.google.com/search?q=remove+dual+boot+xp

But there are also other ways to upgrade-in-place (without removing everything from the hard drive first), too. See:
http://www.windowsxpprofessional.windowsreinstall.com/

As for the issue of how to upgrade an SP2 install with an SP1 setup CD, check out the next item.

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5) New, Highly-Automated Slipstreamer

We've covered "slipstreaming" several times in the past; it's the odd name for the process of adding newer patches and updates to an original installation CD's files to produce a new version of the Setup process that already includes the newer patches and updates. (More info, including why it's called "slipstreaming:" http://www.google.com/search?as_q=slipstreaming&as_sitesearch=langa.com )

Slipstreaming saves time because, after the software's installed, you don't have to patch everything you just set up: Whatever was included in the slipstreamed version is prepatched and ready to go.

Slipstreaming also addresses Rea's other question in item #4 above: She could prepatch her setup CD with the SP2 files, giving her a copy of XP Pro's setup prepatched and ready to roll with SP2. This would let her avoid the error messages that "the current version installed on the machine is a more up to date version than what you are trying to install...."

We've covered the how-tos of slipstreaming starting back when it was a laborious and fussy manual process. Over time, better and better scripts and other tools have emerged to make the process much faster and easier. Now, see this:

Fred: Having struggled to create a bootable, slipstreamed, Win XP installation CD
I found the following utility (AutoStreamer) which did the job painlessly.

http://www.neowin.net/forum/index.php?showtopic=223562

Regards, Robert Winstanley

Thanks, Robert! That looks like it might be the best, fastest, easiest tool yet!

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6) Last Days To Enter March's FREE Drawing

At the end of the month, I'll randomly choose three more winners of the FREE ONE YEAR SUBSCRIPTIONS to the LangaList Plus! edition. (If your name is drawn and you're already a Plus! subscriber, your current subscription will be extended by a full year.)

To have a shot at winning, just use the following link to recommend the LangaList to a friend. Your friend just may find a new source of useful information; I just may gain a new subscriber; and you just may win a FREE ONE YEAR SUBSCRIPTION! (Full details also available via this link): http://langa.com/recommend.htm

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7) Misc: Free Windows Stuff, Vista Delay...

In researching some of the information for this issue, I revisited the Microsoft Downloads Center. This is entirely separate from Windows Update, and also is not the collection of linked downloads found in the Knowledgebase. Rather, it's a library of free add-ons, applications, and utilities for all versions of Windows. It's changed a lot since I'd last visited:

The XP page is here:
http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/downloads/default.mspx

And the general download center (all versions) is here:
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/search.aspx

If you haven't been there in a while, take a look!

Separately, you've probably also heard by now that "Vista" (the next version of Windows) has been delayed. It's not a big surprise--- I can't recall any major OS rollout from Microsoft that shipped on time. <g> And, because Vista wasn't shaping up to be a huge leap forward from XP--- it's looking to be a nice, but not "must have" step up--- this delay has very little real effect on us.

One small benefit: The Windows products (eg XP Home) whose end-of-life countdown will start in earnest when Vista ships have gained some extra months of life and support.

Now, Microsoft is saying Vista will roll out in January 2007. I predict March. <g>

In any case, this is just a heads-up. No action is required.

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8) Another Code Load Success Story

After their site was listed in the "Load The Code" section, these folks wrote:

Hi Fred, Thanks very much for featuring http://www.completeseniors.com in your Load the Code section. We had the highest amount of visitors last month since we started the site, mostly from the Langa e-newsletter. Keep it up! ---The Complete Seniors Team

Do you have a home page or website? (It doesn't matter what size.) Please click over to http://langa.com/code.htm , and maybe you can join the thousands of LangaList readers who have "Loaded the Code!" (If you've already "Loaded The Code" and are wondering if your site will appear here or on the Langa.Com web site, please see http://langa.com/link.txt )

Speaking of which: Here's another eclectic sample of reader sites--- some professional, some very personal:

View A Randomly-Chosen Reader Site
http://langa.com/randomlink.htm

Manually Browse All Posted-to-Date Sites Starting At
http://langa.com/readersites.htm

MizM's Blog
http://mizmmind.blogspot.com/

Safe Cleaners
http://www.inventekcolloidal.com/

Food Blog
http://foodstuff48.blogspot.com/

Personal portal
http://foodstuff48.blogspot.com/

meditative intercession
http://www.meditateforyou.com/Contacts.html

PC 1 Stop
http://pc1stop.com/

Microlights
http://www.microlightstore.com/index.htm

WSUN tech
http://www.wsuntech.com/

IntenseLiving
http://www.intenseliving.com/

Southern Highlands Computer Users Group (AU)
http://www.shcug.org.au/

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9) DVD Life?

Good Afternoon Fred--- I know you have written a number of times about the lifespan of CDs. Recently a friend read an article from http://www.pressofac.com/life/story/5972740p-5966674c.html which had the following excerpt:
Those blank CD-Rs are coated with a layer of dye, which is burned with new information when put in a computer's CD burner. A laser in the computer melts the dye, and that is how information is stored. That dye degrades at different rates depending on the quality of the dye, Dorkin said. For example, blank CDs that are called gold CDs contain a higher quality dye that produces a longer shelf life for photos or music.
I am interested in two items at present: 1) Are the lifespans of CDs the same as DVDs, or perhaps there is a different manufacturing process?, and 2) Since your last writing, has there been any technological changes to the manufacture of CDs and DVDs that make one or several brands notably superior by their implementation of such a contemplated process? Best Regards, Bruce McCormick

CDs first appeared on the market in 1982, so the oldest CDs in existence are just 24 years old. DVDs arrived in 1996; the oldest DVDs are only 10 years old. And, because both technologies were slow to take off, the vast majority of discs in existence are relative newborns.

Plus, the technologies have changed over time; some newer dyes, for example, have only been around for a relatively few years.

All of which simply means that no one can say, with certainty, how long these discs will usefully hold data over the long haul; it's all guesswork and extrapolation based on accelerated aging tests. There just hasn't been enough time to know--- really know, for certain--- how long they'll last.

Best guess for ordinary office or home storage of CDs and DVDs (e.g not a darkened, climate-controlled, refrigerated vault): If you keep you discs out of direct sun or bright fluorescent light, don't use labels or any kind of adhesives on them; write on them only with water-based or safe-solvent felt-tipped pens; and protect them from abrasion; you probably can count on at least 10 years life. Maybe it's a lot more, but again, know one really knows yet.

Ten years isn't a long time in historical terms, but it's a very long time technologically: 10 years from now, who knows what the current best archival storage medium will be?

So, your best bet is to treat your CDs and DVDs carefully, test them from time to time, and plan on moving their contents to newer, better media when it comes along. (Even if your new DVD lasts 100 years, who's going to have an ancient PC and an ancient operating system to play it then? It'd be like someone handing you an Edison wax recording cylinder today: Even if you knew what it was, all you could do with it is give it to a museum!)

Lots more, including info on the different dyes used in CDRs:
http://www.informationweek.com/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=15800263

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10, 11, 12, 13, 14) Plus! Edition Only:

Today's LangaList Plus! Edition contains about 40% more content including:

  • How To Tell USB 1 from 2
       (... when a system has both, unlabeled)
  • "Restrictions In Effect ..."
       ("...contact your system administrator:" A workaround)
  • FAST = USMT
      (when the File/Settings Wizard coughs up a furball...)
  • Failed Uninstall; Now What?
      (manual cleanup sets things right)
  • Private Offer
      (sorry! just for Plus! readers)

Plus! Edition info: http://langa.com/plus.htm 

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15) Just For Grins

In today's item on DVD life (#9, above) I mentioned wax recording technology, which was state-of-the-art audio a century ago.

Just as today there are geekish battles between various CD and DVD formats, different audio compression formats, and so on, the geeks of the late 1800's fought over the relative merits of "black wax" versus "brown wax" for recording cylinders. There were standards battles over the size and capacity of the wax cylinders, and at what speeds they should turn. In fact, virtually all our "modern" standards battles are echoes of similar battles fought a century ago, or more.

One site in particular does a great job detailing the history of early audio technology: http://www.tinfoil.com/ . They even offer MP3s of songs and spoken-word recordings played back from the earliest surviving recordings. Naturally, Google can lead you to many other sites as well: http://www.google.com/search?q=wax+recording+cylinder

It's a fascinating look into yesteryear's high-tech; and it got me to wondering about the other tech battles in history: Which parchment was best; or which clay for cuneiform; or which ocher for the cave walls; which shape for atlatls; which flint for spear tips....

Geeks have been around for a looooong time, and today's online tech flame wars were probably once similarly carried out over the actual flames of the campfires of the earliest humans.

I guess some things never change. <g>

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The LangaList is published about 72 times a year, or about 6 times a month. See you next issue, 2006-03-30!

Best,

Fred
( Editor@Langa.Com )

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